Carbochem Brochure

Activated CarbonActivated carbon can be produced from a variety ofcarbonaceous raw materials, such as coal, coconutshells, wood and lignite. The intrinsic properties ofthe carbon are dependent on the raw materialsource. The unique pore structure of carbon pro-duces a very large surface area: 1 lb. of carbon typi-cally contains a surface area of 125 acres (1 kg. =1,000,000 sq. m.). The carbon surface is non-polarwhich results in an affinity for non-polar adsorbatessuch as organic compounds. Adsorption is a surfaceprocess in which an adsorbate is held onto the sur-face of the carbon by short-range London dispersion forces and saturation is represented by an equilibrium point. These forces are physical innature, which means that the process is reversible (using heat, pressure, etc.). Carbon is alsocapable of chemisorption, whereby a chemical reaction occurs at the carbon interface,changing the state of the adsorbate (dechlorination is an example of a chemisorptionprocess).Parameters Influencing Adsorption Properties1. Capacity vs. Kinetics (Rate)(a) Capacity parameters determine load-ing characteristics of carbon and theservice life. Maximum adsorptioncapacity of carbon is achieved atequilibrium.(b) Kinetic parameters only determinethe rate of adsorption and have anegligible effect on adsorptioncapacity.2. Surface AreaAdsorption capacity is proportional tosurface area which is determined bydegree of activation.3. Pore SizeCorrect pore size distribution is neces-sary to facilitate the adsorption processby providing adsorption sites and theappropriate channels to transport theadsorbate.4. Particle SizeSmaller particles provide quicker rates ofadsorption. Note: Total surface area isdetermined by degree of activation andpore structure and not particle size.5. TemperatureLower temperatures increase adsorptioncapacity except in the case of viscousliquids.6. Concentration of AdsorbateAdsorption capacity is proportional toconcentration of adsorbate.7. pHAdsorption capacity increases under pHconditions which decrease the solubility ofthe adsorbate (normally lower pH).8. Contact TimeSufficient contact time is required tomaximize adsorption capacity.TypesofCarbonProperty Coconut Coal Lignite Wood (PAC)Micropore high high medium lowMacropore low medium high highHardness high high low n/aAsh 5% 10% 20% 5%Water Soluble Ash medium low high lowDust low medium high n/aReactivation good good poor noneApparent Density 0.48 g/cc 0.48 g/cc 0.3 g/cc 0.35 g/ccIodine No. 1100 1000 600 1000Typical Properties of CARBOCHEM® GradesGrade A.D. Iodine No. Mesh ApplicationCA-50 0.30 1020 -325 decolorizingDC-40 0.48 1050 12 x 40 decolorizingDC-50 0.48 1050 12 x 40 acid washedGS-75 0.44 1150 4 mm solvent recoveryLQ-830 0.50 950 8 x 30 water treatmentLQ-1240 0.50 950 12 x 40 water treatmentPC-900 0.35 1000 -325 food processing PS-HD 0.50 1100 12 x 30 PSAVP-30 0.40 1100 3 mm hydrocarbon recoveryIon Exchange ResinsIon exchange resins are prepared from synthetic polymers such as styrene – divinylbenzene copolymers that have been sulfonated to form cation exchangers or aminated to form anion exchangers. CARBOCHEM offers a full line of Ion Exchange Resins (cation, anion, mixed bed, adsorption resins and selectives) for applications in household and industrial water softening, boiler feed water, food and beverage, electronics, and wastewater treatment. IonPlus™ resins are produced under ISO 9001 certification and can be tailor made to meet a customer’s requirements. Several of the IonPlus™ resins are certified for NSF Standard 61.Typical Properties of IonPlusTM ProductsProduct Type Ionic Water TotalForm Retention CapacityCA-10 Strong Acid Na 43-48% 2.0CA-11 Strong Acid H 50-56% 1.8CA-14 Strong Acid Na 45-55% 1.8AN-20 Strong Base Cl 50-56% 1.3AN-21 Strong Base Cl 53-58% 1.15AN-22 Strong Base Cl 47-57% 1.2AN-25 Weak Base Free 50-58% 1.4MB-30 Mixed Bed H/OH N/A N/ACARBOCHEM® Activated CarbonCARBOCHEM offers a complete range of activated carbon (pellets, granular, powder) basedon bituminous coal, coconut shells, and wood. CARBOCHEM® Carbon has been certified and approved for the following QC standards: ISO 9001, ANSI/NSF Standard 61, Food Chemicals Codex, National Organic Programestablished by the USDAIn addition, Carbochem Manufacturing facilities have been registered under the Bioterrorism Regulation as required by the U.S. FDA.308 E. Lancaster AvenueWynnewood, PA 19096 U.S.A.E-MAIL: HQ@carbochem.comPHONE: (610) 645-9200FAX: (610) 645-5501www.carbochem.comLOCAL DISTRIBUTOR:COMPANY PROFILECARBOCHEM is a privately held U.S. Corporation that was established in 1984 and isheadquartered in Philadelphia. The product portfolio consists of activated carbon, ionexchange resins and industrial chemicals based on tungsten, zirconium and isocyanuricacid, which are supplied for applications such as catalysts, ceramics, pigments, coat-ings, water treatment, food processing, personal care, sanitizing and automotive.Special toll manufacturing arrangements have been made with select producers inChina, which include technology transfer and establishing Q.C. standards andprocedures. The business is supported by an office in Shanghai which provides the com-munication channel with each factory and is responsible for coordinating each shipmentand optimizing logistics. A separate company has also been established in South Africato develop this important market and provide a springboard to the rest of Africa. Theother countries are serviced by a network of local Distributors who maintain stocks tosupport the business.In 1987 a manufacturing operation was established in China to produce a complete lineof activated carbon products based on U.S. technology. Product quality is guaranteed bya comprehensive Quality Control Program, which is based on ISO 9001 certification andsimilar quality programs. Major markets include chemical processing, gas purification,pollution control, water treatment, with a special focus on the beverage industry, andfood processing applications such as sugar, fruit juice and glucose.The guiding principle of Carbochem is to provide value to customers by focusing onproducts that can provide a performance cost benefit. A key part of this is to reduce costsby providing technical support to solve problems and optimize process conditions. Thefocus of our business is to develop long-term partnerships by providing exceptional cus-tomer service, technical innovation, consistent product quality and reliable supply.Carbochem products are sold in more than 20 countries spanning every continent andits customer base includes Fortune 500 companies such as Coca-Cola, Pepsi-Cola,Chevron, General Electric, ADM and Ingredion.Major MarketsCatalysts • Pigments • Pharmaceutical • Automotive • CeramicsWater Treatment • Food Processing • Beverage • Sugar/GlucoseChemical Processing • Oil Refineries • Air/Gas PurificationPaper • Personal Care • Pollution Control • Coatings