FLEX-TEND - Flexible Expansion Joint - Brochure

FLEX-TEND®Flexible Expansion JointFeatures and Applications:• Sizes 2 inch through 48 inch• Rated 350 PSI working water pressure(Sizes 2 inch and 30 inch and above rated at 250 PSI)• For Ductile Iron, Steel, PVC or HDPE pipe• Sizes 4 inch through 12 inch have had a configuration update.• Expansion/Contraction travel preset at 50/50 setting. 50% percent reserved for expansion and the remaining 50% reserved for contraction. • Designed to give Deflection and or Expansion/Contraction needs to protect pipeline systems from shear. Refer to submittal drawings for “offset” capability• Constructed of ASTM A536 Ductile Iron• Up to 20° Deflection per ball• Additional Expansion Sleeves can be added for increased expansion capacity• Each unit tested to rated working pressure prior to shipment• Due to the design of the seals, no periodic maintenance is required• End connections can be Flanged, Mechanical Joint or a combination of the two.• Flange outlets conform to the dimensional requirements of ANSI/AWWA C110/A21.10 (class 150) with the addition of an O-ring gasket (except for 2 inch unit) which is provided to ensure a watertight seal. • Mechanical Joint end connections conform to the dimensional requirements of either ANSI/AWWA C111/A21.11 or ANSI/AWWA C153/A21.53 depending on size.• FLEX-TEND assemblies are suitable for direct burial. Polyethylene wrap is provided with each unit. If installed in a vault, the design must be such that movement is not impeded. Refer to Connections FT-2 found at www.ebaa.com.• All “wetted” parts are coated with a fusion bonded epoxy which is NSF61 Approved.• For use on water or wastewater pipelines subject to hydrostatic pressure and tested in accordance with either AWWA C600 or ASTM D2774U.S. Patent No. 4,776,617Image depicts direct burial application (Polyethylene wrap not depicted). Refer to “Connections” FT-2 for more details.0813-VFLEX-TEND, 18 inch Double Ball with Flanged Ends.2Pipeline Protection from ground Motion and ShearPipelines crossing unstable terrain such as faults, swamps or landfills all suffer some degree of vulnerability to damage from ground motion. This motion can be either gradual or sudden, and places damaging shear and bending forces on pipelines. In areas close to, or within structures where differential movement can occur, pipelines should be restrained and supported to isolate and accommodate movement in a controllable manner at a designated location.FLEX-TEND flexible expansion joints provide pipeline protection from the stresses produced by these forces with their ability to deflect up to 20 degrees per ball, in any direction, while simultaneously expanding or contracting. They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 48 inches and can be used on ductile iron, steel, or PVC pipelines for:Connection to buildings, tanks, and other structuresUnderground to aerial transitions such as bridgesAreas of anticipated ground movement and unstable soilsAreas near roadways and damsActive faults crossings and liquefaction zonesThe FLEX-TENDS are available with both flange and mechanical joint end connections for adaptable protection for pipelines, pumps, bridge crossings, tank connections and many other critical installations, either above or below ground. Sizes of 3-inches through 24-inches are rated for 350 psi working water pressure. Sizes of 2 inch, 30 inch, and larger are rated for 250 psi working water pressure.FLEX-TENDS are manufactured entirely of ductile iron, conforming to all applicable requirements of ANSI/AWWA C153/A21.53 and FLEX-TENDS are totally protected from internal corrosion with a lining of fusion-bonded epoxy.FLEX-TEND flexible expansion joints are available in double ball or single ball configurations. Double-ball units offer the unique ability to accommodate a considerable degree of close-coupled vertical subsidence and will deflect up to 20 degrees per ball in any direction. Single-ball configuations can be used in pairs with a spool piece between them to increase the offset between the two ball ends.Expansion/contraction capability is cast as an integral part of the ball and socket, and can be adjusted with additional sleeves installed at the factory prior to shipping or in the field at a later date. The use of additional sleeves increases both the axial movement and the available offset. The expansion pre-sets shown in the following tables can easily be changed by the purchaser during his purchase order or later in the field.Important UpdatesAs of 2012-08-27 all FLEX-TEND Flexible Expansion Joints have a factory preset of 50/50 for the expansion/contraction travel. 50% of the total joint’s travel will be reserved for Expansion of the pipeline while the remaining 50% will be reserved for Contraction of the pipeline. This is a change from the previous 75% for contraction and 25% for expansion preset.Sizes 4 inch through 12 inch FLEX-TENDS have had a change in their component configuation. The Sockets are now one piece and no longer have a second flanged gland. This new compact socket allows for a smaller overall outside diameter (OD), stronger more robust design, and lessens the total amount of fasteners on the unit.The submittal drawings and their dimensions found within this brochure reflects these upgrades and changes. For submittal information of the previous design and presets refer to the FLEX-TEND product brochure with revisioin code letter “S”, found in the lower left hand corner of the first page on the brochure.Additional Technical Documentation regarding FLEX-TEND and other EBAA Iron products can be found at www.ebaa.com. Refer to the Tech Support page and look under Connection Bulletins.DETAIL BSCALE 1.25 : 1D5 GROOVE RADIUS D1 D2 ID D3 D4B3Sample Specification1. Flexible expansion joints shall be installed in the locations indicated on the drawings and shall be manufactured of ductile iron conforming to the material requirements of ASTM A536 and ANSI/AWWA C153/A21.53. Foundry certification of material shall be readily available upon request.2. Each flexible expansion joint shall be pressure tested prior to shipment against its own restraint to a minimum of 350 psi (250 psi for flexible expansion joints 2 inch and 30 inches diameter and larger.) A minimum 2:1 safety factor, determined from the published pressure rating, shall apply. Factory Mutual Approval for the 3 inch through 12 inch sizes is required.3. Each flexible expansion joint shall consist of an expansion joint designed and cast as an integral part of a ball and socket type flexible joint, having a minimum per ball deflection of: 20º, 2” - 12”; 15º, 14” - 36”; 12º, 48” and 4-inches minimum expansion. Additional expansion sleeves shall be available and easily added or removed at the factory or in the field. Both standardized mechanical joint and flange end connections shall be available.4. All internal surfaces (wetted parts) shall be lined with a minimum of 15 mils of fusion bonded epoxy conforming to the applicable requirements of ANSI/AWWA C213. Sealing gaskets shall be constructed of EPDM. The coating and gaskets shall meet ANSI/NSF-61.5. Exterior surfaces shall be coated with a minimum of 6 mils of fusion bonded epoxy conforming to the applicable requirements of ANSI/AWWA C116/A21.16.6. Appropriately sized polyethylene sleeves, meeting ANSI/AWWA C105/A21.5, shall be included for direct buried applications.7. Manufacturer’s certification of compliance to the above standards and requirements shall be readily available upon request. The purchaser (or owner) shall reserve the right to inspect the manufacturer’s facility for compliance. All flexible expansion joints shall be FLEX-TEND as manufactured by EBAA Iron, INC. Eastland, TX., U.S.A.(Download a copy of this specification from www.ebaa.com)Size ID* D1 D2 D3 D4 D5O-ring DiameterO-ringPart Number3 3.280 4.885 4.185 0.175 0.350 0.0625 0.25 9830034 4.060 5.900 4.700 0.300 0.600 0.0625 0.5 9830046 6.160 8.00 6.800 0.300 0.600 0.0625 0.5 9830068 8.270 10.100 8.900 0.300 0.600 0.0625 0.5 98300810 10.160 12.200 11.000 0.300 0.600 0.0625 0.5 98301012 12.340 14.300 13.100 0.300 0.600 0.0625 0.5 98301214 14.260 16.200 15.00 0.300 0.600 0.0625 0.5 98301416 16.480 18.500 16.900 0.400 0.800 0.1250 0.625 98301618 18.560 20.700 19.100 0.400 0.800 0.1250 0.625 98301820 20.520 23.000 21.400 0.400 0.800 0.1250 0.625 98302024 24.680 27.200 25.600 0.400 0.800 0.1250 0.625 98302430 30.900 33.500 31.700 0.400 0.900 0.1250 0.75 98303036 37.040 40.000 38.300 0.400 0.850 0.1250 0.75 98303642 43.080 46.580 44.080 0.650 1.250 0.1250 N/A 98304248 49.220 52.720 50.220 0.650 1.250 0.1250 1 983048FLEX-TEND, EX-TEND, and FLEX-900 O-ring Groove*Dimensions is in inches and ± 1%.4FLEX-TEND Double Ball Submittal Reference Drawing - Flange by Flange*Two inch unit can be ordered with additional sleeves to increase expansion/contraction capacity.† Deflection in degrees per ball†† The expansion values listed represent the total movement for the particular size and configuration. Unless otherwise specified, FLEX-TEND assemblies are preset at factory to reserve 50% of total movement for expansion and 50% for contraction.“Laying, Total, and CL” lengths reflects the standard 50% / 50% preset condition. Modifying the preset ratio requires a corresponding modification of these lengths.All dimensions are in Inches and are ± 1%.Nominal Pipe SizeOD Deflection† (Degrees)A Expansion†† Laying CL S (Offset)Weight (lbs.)Assembly Number2 6.10 20 3.90 4 (+2.75, -1.25) 23.80 16.00 6.20 44 402F204 35.50 (±2.0) 21.50 (±2.0) 7.50 191 403F203 9.20 20 7.00 8 50.80 (±4.0) 36.80 (±4.0) 12.70 235 403F2112 66.00 (±6.0) 52.00 (±6.0) 17.90 280 403F224 34.04 (±2.0) 22.81 (±2.0) 8.49 161 404F204 10.85 20 5.62 8 49.29 (±4.0) 38.06 (±4.0) 14.39 210 404F2112 64.54 (±6.0) 55.31 (±6.0) 20.29 262 404F224 36.05 (±2.0) 23.70 (±2.0) 8.79 223 406F206 12.28 20 6.17 8 50.33 (±4.0) 37.98 (±4.0) 14.36 285 406F2112 64.61 (±6.0) 52.26 (±6.0) 19.93 346 406F224 40.41 (±2.0) 26.59 (±2.0) 9.78 340 408F208 14.82 20 6.91 8 57.51 (±4.0) 43.69 (±4.0) 16.31 432 408F2112 74.61 (±6.0) 60.79 (±6.0) 22.84 525 408F224 44.80 (±2.0) 28.38 (±2.0) 10.39 510 410F2010 18.03 20 8.21 8 60.60 (±4.0) 44.18 (±4.0) 16.48 648 410F2112 76.40 (±6.0) 59.98 (±6.0) 22.57 785 410F224 48.86 (±2.0) 30.24 (±2.0) 11.03 694 412F2012 20.72 20 9.31 8 64.81 (±4.0) 46.19 (±4.0) 17.17 841 412F2112 80.76 (±6.0) 62.14 (±6.0) 23.31 989 412F228 64.50 (±4.0) 44.00 (±4.0) 11.79 1,329 414F2014 25.00 15 13.60 16 90.90 (±8.0) 70.50 (±8.0) 18.89 1,616 414F2124 117.40 (±12.0) 96.90 (±12.0) 25.96 1,904 414F228 73.50 (±4.0) 46.30 (±4.0) 12.41 1,205 416F2016 25.00 15 13.60 16 101.50 (±8.0) 74.20 (±8.0) 19.88 1,537 416F2124 129.50 (±12.0) 102.10 (±12.0) 27.36 1,869 416F228 72.80 (±4.0) 47.00 (±4.0) 12.59 1,905 418F2018 30.50 15 13.90 16 99.90 (±8.0) 74.10 (±8.0) 19.86 2,298 418F2124 127.00 (±12.0) 101.10 (±12.0) 27.09 2,690 418F228 69.00 (±4.0) 45.90 (±4.0) 12.30 1,934 420F2020 30.50 15 11.40 16 96.00 (±8.0) 73.20 (±8.0) 19.61 2,358 420F2124 123.50 (±12.0) 100.40 (±12.0) 26.90 2,782 420F228 83.00 (±4.0) 52.20 (±4.0) 13.99 3,239 424F2024 37.30 15 15.50 16 110.50 (±8.0) 79.50 (±8.0) 21.30 3,958 424F2124 137.50 (±12.0) 106.80 (±12.0) 28.62 4,678 424F2210 98.70 (±5.0) 65.30 (±5.0) 17.50 5,047 430F2030 44.10 15 16.70 20 133.00 (±10.0) 99.00 (±10.0) 26.53 6,047 430F2130 167.00 (±15.0) 132.00 (±15.0) 35.37 7,046 430F2210 97.00 (±5.0) 63.00 (±5.0) 16.88 7,118 436F2036 50.60 15 17.00 20 131.00 (±10.0) 97.00 (±10.0) 25.99 8,537 436F2130 165.00 (±15.0) 131.00 (±15.0) 35.10 9,955 436F2242 66.25 12 21.56 24 153.93 (±12.0) 110.65 (±12.0) 23.01 14,172 442F2048 67.10 12 22.50 24 153.70 (±12.0) 108.70 (±12.0) 29.13 17,148 448F205FLEX-TEND Single Ball Submittal Reference Drawing - Flange by FlangeNOTE: All dimensions listed in brochure are in inches and subject to change without notice.All dimensions are ± 1%.† Deflection in degrees per ball†† The expansion values listed represent the total movement for the particular size and configuration. Unless otherwise specified, FLEX-TEND assemblies are preset at factory to reserve 50% of total movement for expansion and 50% for contraction.“Laying, Total, and CL” lengths reflects the standard 50% / 50% preset condition. Modifying the preset ratio requires a corresponding modification of these lengths.Nominal Pipe SizeOD Deflection† (Degrees)A Expansion†† Laying Weight (lbs.)Assembly Number4 23.30 (±2.0) 118 403F103 9.20 20 7.00 8 41.80 (±4.0) 163 403F1112 60.30 (±6.0) 208 403F124 25.43 (±2.0) 112 404F104 10.85 20 5.62 8 40.68 (±4.0) 157 404F1112 55.93 (±6.0) 202 404F124 27.39 (±2.0) 152 406F106 12.28 20 6.17 8 41.67 (±4.0) 213 406F1112 55.95 (±6.0) 274 406F124 29.98 (±2.0) 243 408F108 14.82 20 6.91 8 47.08 (±4.0) 335 408F1112 64.18 (±6.0) 428 408F124 32.79 (±2.0) 359 410F1010 18.03 20 8.21 8 48.59 (±4.0) 496 410F1112 64.39 (±6.0) 634 410F124 34.68 (±2.0) 468 412F1012 20.72 20 9.31 8 50.63 (±4.0) 616 412F1112 66.58 (±6.0) 763 412F128 48.20 (±4.0) 880 414F1014 25.00 15 13.60 16 74.40 (±8.0) 1,168 414F1124 101.00 (±12.0) 1,454 414F128 53.50 (±4.0) 911 416F1016 25.00 15 13.60 16 81.50 (±8.0) 1,243 416F1124 109.50 (±12.0) 1,575 416F128 53.30 (±4.0) 1,231 418F1018 30.50 15 13.90 16 80.30 (±8.0) 1,624 418F1124 107.40 (±12.0) 2,016 418F128 50.00 (±4.0) 1,277 420F1020 30.50 15 11.40 16 77.00 (±8.0) 1,700 420F1124 104.50 (±12.0) 2,111 420F128 57.00 (±4.0) 2,083 424F1024 37.30 15 15.50 16 84.50 (±8.0) 2,786 424F1124 112.00 (±12.0) 3,506 424F1210 67.10 (±5.0) 3,654 430F1030 44.10 15 16.70 20 101.50 (±10.0) 4,595 430F1130 135.80 (±15.0) 5,755 430F1210 71.90 (±5.0) 4,718 436F1036 50.60 15 17.00 20 106.50 (±10.0) 6,136 436F1130 141.00 (±15.0) 7,554 436F1248 67.10 12 22.50 24 12,016 448F106FLEX-TEND Double Ball Submittal Reference Drawing - M.J. by M.J.NOTE: All dimensions listed in brochure are in inches and subject to change without notice.All dimensions are ± 1%.† Deflection in degrees per ball†† The expansion values listed represent the total movement for the particular size and configuration. Unless otherwise specified, FLEX-TEND assemblies are preset at factory to reserve 50% of total movement for expansion and 50% for contraction.“Laying, Total, and CL” lengths reflects the standard 50% / 50% preset condition. Modifying the preset ratio requires a corresponding modification of these lengths.Nominal Pipe SizeOD Deflection† (Degrees)A Expansion†† Total Laying CL S (Offset)Weight (lbs.)Assembly Number4 35.80 (±2.0) 30.80 (±2.0) 21.30 (±2.0) 7.75 176 403M203 9.20 20 4.25 8 51.00 (±4.0) 46.00 (±4.0) 36.50 (±4.0) 13.28 221 403M2112 66.30 (±6.0) 61.30 (±6.0) 51.75 (±6.0) 18.84 265 403M224 34.99 (±2.0) 29.99 (±2.0) 22.81 (±2.0) 8.49 152 404M204 10.85 20 3.59 8 50.24 (±4.0) 45.24 (±4.0) 38.06 (±4.0) 14.39 203 404M2112 65.49 (±6.0) 60.49 (±6.0) 53.31 (±6.0) 20.29 248 404M224 37.11 (±2.0) 32.11 (±2.0) 23.70 (±2.0) 8.79 213 406M206 12.28 20 4.20 8 51.39 (±4.0) 46.39 (±4.0) 37.98 (±4.0) 14.36 274 406M2112 65.67 (±6.0) 60.67 (±6.0) 52.26 (±6.0) 19.93 335 406M224 41.41 (±2.0) 36.41 (±2.0) 26.59 (±2.0) 9.78 311 408M208 14.82 20 4.91 8 58.51 (±4.0) 53.51 (±4.0) 43.69 (±4.0) 16.31 404 408M2112 75.61 (±6.0) 70.61 (±6.0) 60.79 (±6.0) 22.84 497 408M224 45.74 (±2.0) 40.74 (±2.0) 28.38 (±2.0) 10.39 475 410M2010 18.03 20 6.18 8 61.54 (±4.0) 56.54 (±4.0) 44.18 (±4.0) 16.48 612 410M2112 77.34 (±6.0) 72.34 (±6.0) 59.98 (±6.0) 22.57 750 410M224 48.91 (±2.0) 43.91 (±2.0) 30.24 (±2.0) 11.03 587 412M2012 20.69 20 6.84 8 64.86 (±4.0) 59.86 (±4.0) 46.19 (±4.0) 17.17 735 412M2112 80.81 (±6.0) 75.81 (±6.0) 62.14 (±6.0) 23.31 882 412M228 65.10 (±4.0) 58.10 (±4.0) 44.00 (±4.0) 11.79 1,222 414M2014 25.00 15 7.00 16 91.50 (±8.0) 84.50 (±8.0) 70.50 (±8.0) 18.89 1,510 414M2124 117.90 (±12) 110.90 (±12) 96.90 (±12) 25.96 1,798 414M228 74.00 (±4.0) 67.00 (±4.0) 46.30 (±4.0) 12.41 1,133 416M2016 25.00 15 10.30 16 101.50 (±8.0) 94.50 (±8.0) 74.20 (±8.0) 19.88 1,465 416M2124 129.50 (±12) 122.50 (±12) 102.10 (±12) 27.36 1,797 416M228 71.90 (±4.0) 65.30 (±4.0) 47.10 (±4.0) 12.62 1,760 418M2018 30.50 15 12.60 16 99.20 (±8.0) 92.10 (±8.0) 74.10 (±8.0) 19.86 2,153 418M2124 126.20 (±12) 119.20 (±12) 101.10 (±12) 27.09 2,546 418M228 73.50 (±4.0) 66.50 (±4.0) 45.90 (±4.0) 12.30 1,874 420M2020 30.50 15 10.40 16 101.00 (±8.0) 94.00 (±8.0) 73.20 (±8.0) 19.61 2,298 420M2124 128.00 (±12) 121.00 (±12) 100.40 (±12) 26.90 2,721 420M228 87.00 (±4.0) 80.00 (±4.0) 52.20 (±4.0) 13.99 3,183 424M2024 37.30 15 13.80 16 114.00 (±8.0) 107.00 (±8.0) 79.50 (±8.0) 21.30 3,902 424M2124 141.50 (±12) 134.00 (±12) 106.80 (±12) 28.62 4,555 424M227FLEX-TEND Single Ball Submittal Reference Drawing - M.J. by M.J.NOTE: All dimensions listed in brochure are in inches and subject to change without notice.All dimensions are ± 1%.† Deflection in degrees per ball†† The expansion values listed represent the total movement for the particular size and configuration. Unless otherwise specified, FLEX-TEND assemblies are preset at factory to reserve 50% of total movement for expansion and 50% for contraction.“Laying, Total, and CL” lengths reflects the standard 50% / 50% preset condition. Modifying the preset ratio requires a corresponding modification of these lengths.Nominal Pipe SizeOD Deflection† (Degrees)A Expansion†† Total Laying Weight (lbs.)Assembly Number4 28.50 (±2.0) 23.50 (±2.0) 115 403M103 9.20 20 4.25 8 43.50 (±4.0) 38.50 (±4.0) 160 403M1112 58.50 (±6.0) 53.50 (±6.0) 205 403M124 28.15 (±2.0) 23.15 (±2.0) 115 404M104 10.85 20 3.59 8 43.40 (±4.0) 38.40 (±4.0) 159 404M1112 58.65 (±6.0) 53.65 (±6.0) 204 404M124 29.21 (±2.0) 24.46 (±2.0) 150 406M106 12.28 20 4.20 8 43.49 (±4.0) 38.74 (±4.0) 211 406M1112 57.77 (±6.0) 53.02 (±6.0) 272 406M124 31.98 (±2.0) 26.98 (±2.0) 226 408M108 14.82 20 4.91 8 49.08 (±4.0) 44.08 (±4.0) 319 408M1112 66.18 (±6.0) 61.18 (±6.0) 412 408M124 34.60 (±2.0) 29.60 (±2.0) 332 410M1010 18.03 20 6.18 8 50.40 (±4.0) 45.40 (±4.0) 469 410M1112 66.20 (±6.0) 61.20 (±6.0) 607 410M124 36.08 (±2.0) 31.21 (±2.0) 416 412M1012 20.69 20 6.84 8 52.03 (±4.0) 47.16 (±4.0) 564 412M1112 67.98 (±6.0) 63.11 (±6.0) 711 412M128 50.10 (±4.0) 43.10 (±4.0) 822 414M1014 25.00 15 7.00 16 76.60 (±8.0) 69.60 (±8.0) 1,110 414M1124 103.00 (±12.0) 96.00 (±12.0) 1,398 414M128 56.00 (±4.0) 49.00 (±4.0) 840 416M1016 25.00 15 10.30 16 84.00 (±8.0) 77.00 (±8.0) 1,172 416M1124 112.00 (±12.0) 105.00 (±12.0) 1,504 416M128 54.40 (±4.0) 47.30 (±4.0) 1,154 418M1018 30.50 15 12.60 16 81.50 (±8.0) 74.50 (±8.0) 1,547 418M1124 108.60 (±12.0) 101.60 (±12.0) 1,939 418M128 54.50 (±4.0) 47.50 (±4.0) 1,226 420M1020 30.50 15 10.40 16 81.50 (±8.0) 74.50 (±8.0) 1,650 420M1124 109.00 (±12.0) 102.00 (±12.0) 2,074 420M128 62.00 (±4.0) 55.00 (±4.0) 2,321 424M1024 37.30 15 13.80 16 89.50 (±8.0) 82.50 (±8.0) 3,018 424M1124 115.00 (±12.0) 108.00 (±12.0) 3,737 424M128Notes on ThrustForces and RestraintsBecause the FLEX-TEND and EX-TEND both incorporate an expansion joint, it behaves similar to other expansion joint under pressure. Due to their design, expansion joints generate end thrust when subject to internal pressure, as seen in Figure 1.1. This end thrust must be accounted for in pipeline design. The end thrust generated by either the FLEX-TEND or EX-TEND is calculated by multiplying the internal pressure (PSI) by the area listed in Table 1.1.When used in a long and relatively straight pipeline, the pipe-to-soil friction is generally sufficient to balance the force. The use of thrust blocks or other means of anchoring is required when fittings are placed in close proximity to the expansion joint underground. This protects the pipeline from the tendency of the unit to expand when pressurized. In an above ground installation such as a bridge application, some means must be provided to prevent the expansion of the joint due to internal pressure. This can be accomplished by anchoring the piping to the structure while allowing room for movement when motion occurs. Please also consider EBAA’s thrust or Force Balanced FLEX-TEND models that do not generate axial thrust under water pressure.In order for the FLEX-TEND and EX-TEND to protect pipeline connections, any load must be transferred to the unit by the restrained joints. Depending on the piping arrangement and the anticipated movement of the pipelines, adjacent piping must be restrained to adequately transfer the loads to the unit. Joint restraint is provided with each mechanical joint end connection. The Table 1.2 lists some of the restraint products offered by EBAA Iron, Inc. as well as the pipe material on which each is used.Weld-on flanges are generally used for applications on steel piping. For other piping materials please contact EBAA. For technical information call EBAA Engineering at 800.633.9190.Table 1.1 Thrust CalculationsSize(Inch)Area(Inch2)Thrust @ 150 PSI (lb)2 4.43 664.53 12.3 1,8454 18.1 2,7156 37.4 5,6108 64.3 9,64510 96.8 14,52012 136.9 20,53514 237.8 35,67016 237.8 35,67018 366.4 54,96020 366.4 54,96024 522.8 78,42030 804.3 120,64536 1,152.1 172,81542 1,555.3 233,29548 2,027.0 304,050Table 1.2 Mechanical Joint RestraintsSizeRangePipeMaterialRestraintProduct3 inch - 48 inch Ductile Iron Series 11003 inch - 24 inch PVC Series 2000PVFigure 1.1Thrust Equation: T = PAWhere:T = Thrust Force, lbs.P = Hydrostatic Test Pressure (PSI), in2A = Area of Pipe, in2