Steam Jet Heaters Brochure

Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com 1Steam Jet HeatersBulletin 3A• For liquids or slurries in tanks andpipelines• Direct contact heaters also mix,agitate, pump or circulateIntroductionSchutte and Koerting manufactures several typesof jet apparatus for heating liquids. This bulletincovers relatively small units for tank and pipelineapplications. Pipe connection sizes range fromfractions of an inch to 8 inches. Other jetapparatus for heating liquids includes: steam jetsyphons, detailed in Bulletin 2A; and low-pressure,high-capacity steam heaters, detailed in Bulletin3A-HC.Steam Jet Heaters utilize the jet principle to mixsteam with a cold liquid uniformly. Operation isefficient because the heat in the steam is absorbedby the liquid being heated to approximately 10% ofliquid saturation temperature. The jet actionproduces agitation and circulation, eliminating theneed for other equipment to accomplish thesefunctions in most applications.Basically, all of these Jet Heaters have a nozzle ororifice arrangement, a diffuser, and body (which insome cases consists only of bracing to hold nozzleand diffuser in position). In operation, jet heatersuse steam (or steam and water under pressure) asthe motive force to entrain, mix with, heat, andpump (or circulate) the suction liquid.Two types of steam jet heaters are included here,“tank” types and “pipeline” types. Tank typeheaters are designed to be submerged in liquid ina heating tank or vessel. In addition to heating,tank type heaters circulate the liquid so thatheating is uniform throughout the vessel. Pipelinetypes are made for installation directly into pipelines. The designs on this page are described, indetail, on the pages noted.IndexDescription PageFig. 301 Quiet Heater 4Fig. 314 Tank Heaters and Sparger Nozzles 6Fig. 315 Circulating Heater 8Fig. 327 Slurry Heater 10Fig. 340 Simplex Pipeline Heater 12Fig. 320, Fig. 321 & Fig. 324 Continuous Pipeline Heater 14Fig. 340SimplexPipeline HeaterFig. 315CirculatingHeaterFig. 314TankHeaterFig. 301Quiet HeaterFig. 320ContinuousHeaterFig. 327SlurryHeaterSchutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com2Steam Jet Heaters Bulletin 3ATANK HEATERSQuiet Heaters: Mixes steam, atmospheric air, and water to reduce thenoise and vibration associated with tank heating by steam. Suitable for lowpressure steam applications. See page 4.Sparger Nozzles: Made for threading in sparger pipe installed along thebottom of tank. Are recommended for use where it is desirable to startheating from a shallow level, where agitation and uniform heating arerequired over a large, shallow tank area, where presence of solids in liquidmight tend to clog other types. See page 6.Circulating Heater: Designed for use where heating and strong directionalcirculating action in open tanks is desired. See page 8.Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com 3Bulletin 3ASteam Jet HeatersPIPELINE HEATERSSlurry Heater: Ideal for steamheating slurries. Used in cooking grain,mash, starches and for pumping semi-solids. Simple design and easy toinstall. See page 10.Simplex Heater: Provides low cost in-line heating of process liquids bydirecting steam injection. See page 12.Continuous Heater: Made for direct connection to water and steam lines.Has spindle for regulating water flow. Also supplied as “InstantaneousHeater” with special lever and cock arrangement for producing immediatesupply of hot water. See page 14.Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com4Steam Jet Heaters Bulletin 3ATANK HEATERSQuiet Heaters, Fig. 301ApplicationQuiet Heaters are designed to heat liquids in tanks bycondensing steam in the liquid and by causing circulationof the steam-heated liquid within the tank. These heatersemploy entrained atmospheric air to reduce the loudnoise usually associated with the introduction of steaminto cold liquids.ConstructionFig. 301 Heaters are constructed as shown in Figs. 301and 301-A. Connections are provided for a steam pipeand an air pipe. The orifices around the outer core areinlets for the tank liquid.Standard heaters are usually supplied in bronze or castiron. However, they can be made in a variety of materialsif various corrosive conditions so require. Many sizesand materials are available from stock. For sizes,weights, and dimensions, see the table on page 5.OperationQuiet Heaters mix high velocity steam and atmosphericair with water to reduce the noise and vibrationcharacteristic of the release of steam in cold liquid.Atmospheric air, entrained by the steam as it passesthrough an annular nozzle, cushions the steam bubblesand prevents their sudden collapse as the steamcondenses. This reduces the loud cracking noise usuallyaccompanying this process to a low hum. In addition, theair increases agitation of the liquid.A steam pipe, and an air pipe which extends above theliquid level, are connected to the center of the heater.Steam passes from the pipe through an accuratelydesigned annular expanding nozzle, formed by twoconcentric cones, and issues at a high velocity. Theentrainment action of the steam jet draws in atmosphericair through the air chamber, as well as liquid from thetank. The condensing steam heats the liquid and the jetdischarges from the heater with sufficient force tocirculate the contents of the tank – providing quick, evenheating.Air InletSteam InletQuiet HeaterAir Inlet Steam InletFig. 301-A. Sectional drawing of Fig. 301 Quiet HeaterFig. 301. Quiet HeaterFig. 301-BSchutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com 5Bulletin 3ASteam Jet HeatersTANK HEATERSQuiet Heaters, Fig. 301InstallationUsually, these heaters are placed near the tank bottom toobtain maximum circulation. Steam pressure must behigh enough to overcome submergence, yet not so greatthat live steam escapes from the surface of the liquid.The steam pressure can be set by a valve in the steamsupply line to provide the liquid temperature desired. Theair line should be equipped with a valve at its inlet so thatthe air can be throttled if agitation is greater thanrequired. Compressed air may be used if additionalagitation is desired. A standard installation is illustrated inFig. 301-B. Where required, many special arrangementscan be made to meet requirements.Sizes and CapacitiesThe heating capacity of Quiet Heaters depends upontheir size and the pressure of the operating steam.Steam pressures up to 100 psi gauge are normally used.Higher operating pressures cause excessive agitationand splashing while operation at pressures below 15 psigauge is not recommended since objectionable vibrationmay occur.To estimate the size of a Quiet Heater required for aspecific application, multiply the quantity of liquid (inpounds) to be heated by the number of degrees F. thetemperature is to be raised. The result, divided by 1000,gives total pounds of steam required when liquid is similarto water. Divide this figure by the time in minutes allowedfor heating and the pounds of steam per minute isobtained. The calculated “heating capacity” divided bythe “heating capacity” from Curve A for the same steampressure will give the capacity ratio. This ratio, referredto in Table 2, will indicate the size of the heater required.Heater Size(Connections,Inches)Dimensions, InchesNet Wgt.Lbs.Steam Air A B C Bronze& Iron1/2 1/4 1 3/4 3 3/16 7/8 1 1/43/4 1/4 2 1/8 4 1 1/16 21 3/8 2 11/16 5 1/8 1 11/32 3 1/41 1/4 3/8 3 1/8 6 7/16 1 5/8 51 1/2 1/2 3 11/16 7 3/4 1 7/8 10 1/22 3/4 4 9/16 9 7/8 2 3/8 17 1/22 1/2 3/4 4 7/8 11 3/4 2 5/8 253 1 6 3/4 14 11/16 3 5/16 364 1 1/4 8 18 3/4 4 1/8 80109876543210 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Steam Pressure, psigSteam, Lb. Per MinuteCurve A.Steam Consumption,Fig. 301 HeatersTable 1. Sizes, Dimensions, and Weights ofQuiet Heaters, Fig. 301BACHeater Size 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4Capacity Ratio 1.00 1.70 2.86 4.66 6.28 10.70 15.40 24.00 42.60Table 2. Capacity Ratios, Quiet Heaters Fig. 301Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com6Steam Jet Heaters Bulletin 3ATANK HEATERSSparger Nozzles, Fig. 314ApplicationSparger Nozzles are used instead of drilled holes insparger pipe because these nozzles require fewer pipeopenings and can improve circulation which providesmore uniform heating.Fig. 314 Sparger Nozzles are designed to be submergedin the liquid to be heated. Heaters of this type arerecommended for use in cases where it is desired to startheating from a shallow level, where uniform agitation andheating is required over a large, shallow tank area, wheresteam pressures are low, and where solids in the liquidmight tend to clog the small passages in other typeheaters.ConstructionFig. 314 Sparger Nozzles are cast in one piece and aremade in the five sizes noted in Table 3, page 7. The 3/8 and3/4 inch sizes have male threads for threading into tappeddistribution piping as shown in Fig. 314-A. The 3/8 and 3/4inch sizes are stocked in cast iron, bronze and Type 316stainless steel.The 11/2, 2, and 3 inch sizes are made with female threadconnections for threading on nipples welded in thedistribution piping. The 11/2 and 2 inch sizes are stockedin cast iron, bronze, and Type 316 stainless steel. The 3inch size is stocked in cast iron and stainless steel.All sizes can be made in other machinable materials ifcorrosive conditions so require.OperationSparger Nozzles are operated by a flow of steam throughthe nozzle. As shown in Fig. 314-A and 314-C, the jet ofsteam entrains tank liquid through the suction opening.Condensation takes place immediately upon mixing ofthe liquid and steam and the stream of heated liquid isdischarged through the diffuser into the tank atconsiderable velocity. The agitating action of the spargernozzle provides thorough mixing of steam and liquid inthe diffuser. This breaks up the steam bubbles to givequiet operation.Agitation of tank liquid is considerable. For example, a 3/8inch sparger nozzle passes about 3 pounds per minutesteam at 40 psig. It entrains a minimum of 26 gpm tankliquid and raises the temperature 14.5° F. in one passagethrough the nozzle.The temperature of the liquid can be thermostaticallycontrolled if the steam pressure is not throttled belowquiet operating levels. If the anticipated load variation willnot reduce the pressure drop across the nozzle below 5psi, a throttling type controller may be used. If conditionsrequire shutting off the steam, however, a snap-acting,on-and-off control should be applied.Fig. 314-C. This sectional drawing of a11/2 inch size sparger nozzle shows howthe three larger sizes are installed in thepiping.Fig. 314. Sparger Nozzle, 3/8 inchsize. This size nozzle and the 3/4inch size are made with malethreads for direct insertion intapped distribution piping of 11/2inch diameter or larger.Fig. 314-B. Sparger Nozzle, 11/2 inch size. The 11/2, 2, and 3 inchsizes have female threads, asshown, and are made forinstallation on nipples welded intothe distribution piping.Suction SuctionDischargeSuction SuctionDischargeFig. 314-A. This sectional drawingshows how 3/8 and 3/4 inch spargernozzles are threaded into distributionpiping.Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com 7Bulletin 3ASteam Jet HeatersTANK HEATERSSparger Nozzles, Fig. 314InstallationWhen installing Sparger Nozzles, care should be taken toprovide even heat distribution over the area of the tank.The heaters should be installed as near the bottom aspossible. If high steam pressures are to be used and thetank is shallow, the heaters should not be pointed directlyup, since the agitation may cause splashing at thesurface.The 3/8 and 3/4 inch sizes are designed for direct insertioninto tapped distribution piping 11/2 inches in diameter orlarger. The 11/2, 2, and 3 inch sizes have female threadsfor easy installation on pipe nipples welded in the piping.Sizes and CapacitiesTo select the number of sparger nozzles required for agiven job, multiply the quantity of water in pounds (a cubicfoot of water weighs 62.4 lbs. and a gallon 8.3 lbs.) bynumber of degrees F. temperature increase desired. Theresult divided by 1000 gives total pounds of steamrequired to bring the liquid to specified temperature. Thisfigure divided by desired time for heating, in minutes, willgive the heating capacity required in pounds of steam perminute. The heating capacity of the various Fig. 314Heaters is shown on Curve B. The required heatingcapacity divided by the heating capacity of the selectednozzle at the operating steam pressure will give thenumber of nozzles required. Determination as to whichsize nozzle should be used depends upon the numberrequired to give even distribution over the tank. Forsteam pressure below 20 psi the 3/8” size is preferable.For installations where solids are encountered, the 11/2”,2”, and 3” sizes are recommended.Fig. 314-D. Typical sparger nozzle installation for tank heatingliquids. The agitator action of the sparger nozzle providesthorough mixing of steam and liquid and breaks up steam bubblesto provide quiet operation.Size (Pressure Conn.)In InchesOver-all LengthIn InchesOver-all WidthIn Inches3/8 3 3/4 1 3/43/4 5 1/4 2 3/81 1/2 8 13/16 4 1/162 12 1/4 5 13/163 17 8 1/8Table 3. Sizes and Dimensions of Sparger Nozzles,Fig. 314Curve B.Steam Consumption,Fig. 314 Sparger Nozzles10864200 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200Steam Pressure, psigSteam, Lb. Per MinuteSize, Inches 3/8 3/4 1 1/2 2 3Capacity Ratio 1.00 2.00 4.00 8.00 16.00Table 4. Capacity Ratios Sparger Nozzles, Fig. 314Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com8Steam Jet Heaters Bulletin 3ATANK HEATERSCirculating Heaters, Fig. 315ApplicationFig. 315 Circulating Heaters are recommended for use whereheating and strong directional circulating action in open tanksare required. This heater must be submerged in the liquid itheats. Only one pipe, for steam, is needed. These heaters areused for heating and agitating the solutions used in picklingtanks in steel plants and foundries, for sterilizing molasses inthe fermentation tanks used in alcohol plants, for dissolvingchemical salts in the various liquids employed in process workin chemical plants and for any other installations where heating,circulating and agitation of water or other liquids are required.ConstructionCirculating heaters are constructed as shown in Figs. 315 and315-A, and can be modified to provide the steam connection atthe end as shown in Fig. 315-B.They are supplied in six standard sizes usually in cast iron andbronze as indicated in Table 5 on page 9. Many sizes areavailable from stock in various materials. When required theseheaters can also be made to special order in materials to suitthe service.OperationFig. 315-A shows how steam enters the top inlet and flows intoa double steam nozzle – one a short, outer nozzle dischargingan annular suction jet, the other a long, center nozzle producinga straight, forcing jet. Entrainment action of the suction jetdraws liquid into the mixing nozzle and discharge tube where itis heated by the steam. The forcing action of the central steamjet discharges liquid from the heater.This heater is designed to provide vigorous circulation,agitation, and quick, large capacity heating.InstallationThe Circulating Heater is simple in construction and relativelyeasy to install. Because the jet discharges in only one direction,there is a back thrust that is likely to cause vibration of thesteam pipe. To eliminate this, the heater should be anchored insome way. The usual method of doing this is to locate theheater against a block along the side of the tank.A typical installation of the circulating heater is shown in Fig.315-C. The heater is started by opening the stop valve in thesteam line, and is shut off by closing this valve. Circulating andagitating action can be regulated by throttling the steampressure.Fig. 315. Circulating HeaterSteam InletSuctionDischargeAlternateSteamConnectionSteamInletSuctionDischargeAlternate Steam ConnectionFig. 315-A. Sectional drawing of a Fig. 315 Heater.Fig. 315-B. The Fig. 315 Heater can be modified to provide a steamconnection at the end as shown, if this is desirable.Steam InletCirculating HeaterFig. 315-C.Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com 9Bulletin 3ASteam Jet HeatersTANK HEATERSCirculating Heaters, Fig. 315Sizes and CapacitiesTo find the size heater required to heat a tank ofliquid to a specified temperature in a given time,multiply the quantity of water in pounds (a cubic footof water weighs 62.4 lb. and a gallon weighs 8.3 lb.)by the number of degrees F. temperature increasedesired. The result, divided by 1000, gives the totalpounds of steam required to bring the liquid tospecified temperature. This figure, divided by thedesired time (in minutes) for heating, will give theheating capacity required in pounds of steam perminute. The heating capacity of a 1/2 inch circulatingheater operating at specified steam pressure can beread from Curve C. The required heating capacity,divided by the heating capacity of the 1/2 inch size, willgive the capacity ratio, and the proper size heatercan be determined from Table 6.Heater Size(SteamConnectionin Inches)Dimensions, Inches Net Wgt.,Lbs.A B C D (Bronze& Iron)1/2 2 7/8 4 1 11/16 2 9/16 2 1/23/4 4 3/16 5 13/16 2 5/16 3 13/16 91 6 5/16 7 11/16 3 1/16 4 13/16 15 1/21 1/4 7 3/16 9 3/4 3 1/2 5 13/16 231 1/2 7 13/16 11 9/16 4 1/16 6 11/16 332 11 1/4 15 1/4 5 1/2 9 1/4 50Table 5. Sizes, Dimensions, and Weights of CirculatingHeaters, Fig. 315Heater Size (Steam Connection in Inches)1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2Capacity Ratio 1.00 2.04 4.15 6.72 9.30 17.3Table 6. Capacity Ratios Circulating Heaters, Fig. 315BCDACurve C.Steam Consumption,Fig. 315 Heaters109876543210 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Steam Pressure, psigSteam, Lb. Per MinuteSchutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com10Steam Jet Heaters Bulletin 3APIPELINE HEATERSSlurry Heaters, Fig. 327ApplicationThe primary application of the Slurry Heater is in the cooking ofgrain, mash or starch slurry. Other applications vary fromsimple pumping of semi-solids to process applications involvingreactions caused by addition of steam.ConstructionThese heaters are made of cast iron or bronze as shown inFigs. 327 and 327-A. They can be made of other materials on30°F40°F50°F60°F70°F75°F80°F85°F90°F95°F100°F1015203040 psig20 2530 3540455055 60WaterTemperature RiseLimit of OperationMaximum BackPressure psig010203040506010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90Steam Pressure psigDischarge Capacity gpmDischargeSteamInletSuctionorder. Sizes 11/4 inch through 4 inches have threadedconnections. The 6 and 8 inch sizes are as noted.OperationCold slurry to be heated is pumped from a container into theheater. Steam enters the heater through the other inlet. Anintimate mixing of the slurry and the steam occurs in the venturithroat and the slurry absorbs the heat of the steam. The hotslurry is discharged from the discharge connection for furtherprocessing. A regulator in the steam line controls the pressureof the live steam admitted.InstallationSlurry heaters are installed directly in pipelines.Curve D. Special 2 inch, Fig. 327 Slurry Heater, Type A NozzleFig. 327-A1015204070100130 psig 40°F 50°F60°F70°F 80°F 90°F100°F110°F120°F130°F140°F150°F9590858075706560555045403530Temperature RiseMaximum BackPressure psigLimit of OperationWater010203040506010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90Steam Pressure psigDischarge Capacity gpmCurve E. Special 2 inch, Fig. 327 Slurry Heater, Type B NozzleFig. 327. Slurry HeaterSchutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com 11Bulletin 3ASteam Jet Heaters5101520250 psig 100°F90°F80°F70°F60°F50°F40°F30°F 10 Hg Vac5020406050 100 150Steam Pressure psigMax. Disch. Pressure psigTemperature RiseWaterMaximum FlowMinimum FlowMinimumSteam Pressure010203040506070809010011010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180Steam Pressure psigDischarge Capacity gpmCurve F. Standard 2 inch, Fig. 327 Slurry Heater, Type C NozzlePIPELINE HEATERSSlurry Heaters, Fig. 32701020304050 100 150Steam Pressure psigMax. Disch. Pressure psig15” Hg Vac.10”5”20°F40°F50°F60°F5101520 psig0 psig30°FMaximum FlowMinimum FlowMinimum Steam PressureWaterTemperature Rise010203040506070809010011010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180Steam Pressure psigDischarge Capacity gpmCurve G. Standard 2 inch, Fig. 327 Slurry Heater, Standard Stock NozzleSuction, DischargeConnection,In InchesSteam Connectionin InchesDimensions, in InchesWeightin Lbs.A B C1 1/4 3/4 1 3/4 1 9/16 6 7/16 61 1/2 3/4 2 2 8 3/4 92 1 2 1/4 2 1/4 9 1/8 112 1/2 1 1/4 2 3/8 2 3/4 11 1/4 203 1 1/2 2 3/4 3 1/6 13 1/4 284 2 3 3/16 3 5/8 17 1/16 436* 3 5 3/4 4 1/4 22 3/4 -8* 4 7 5 30 -Table 7. Sizes, Dimensions, and Weights of Slurry Heaters, Fig. 327CBATable 8.Capacity RatiosSlurry Heaters,Fig. 327SizeInchesCapacityRatio1 1/4 0.431 1/2 0.702 1.002 1/2 2.003 3.334 6.166 13.308 23.6*These heaters have flanged connections for suction and discharge.Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com12Steam Jet Heaters Bulletin 3APIPELINE HEATERSSimplex Pipeline Heaters, Fig. 340ApplicationFig. 340 Simplex Continuous Pipeline Steam Jet Heateris a simple, yet efficient device for low-cost, in-lineheating of process liquids by direct steam injection.Designed for direct connection to liquid and steam lines,the heater mixes cold liquid and steam and raises thetemperature of the liquid instantly to predeterminedlevels. When heater is in operation, there is no waterpressure drop through the unit.ConstructionThe Fig. 340 Simplex Heater consists of a one-piecebody and diffuser and a removable combining tube. Thestraight-through design of the unit permits handling ofslurries and liquids with suspended solids and semi-solids as well as clear liquids. The heater can be turnedon and off with a minimum of vibration.These heaters are normally made and stocked in bronzeand stainless steel, but can be supplied in othermachinable and castable alloys. There are no movingparts to get out of order, adjust, or repair.OperationLiquid under pressure enters the heater and flowsthrough the in-line combining tube. Steam enters theheater through the steam connection and passes throughthe combining tube orifices. Intimate mixing of steam andwater occurs in the tube and venturi. Thus, the steam iscompletely condensed and the liquid is heated before it isdischarged into the connecting pipeline.Fig. 340 Simplex Pipeline HeaterCBALiquidInletSteamInletDischargeConnectionSize,InchesConnectionLiquid &Discharge,InchesConnectionSteam,InchesDimensions, Inches Approx.Wgt.,Lbs.A B C1 1/2 1 1/2 1 7 1/2 4 7/32 2 1/4 72 2 1 1/2 9 1/4 5 3/8 2 1/2 11 1/23 3 2 13 11/16 7 3/4 3 7/8 27 1/2CapacitiesThe Fig. 340 Heater, available in three sizes, operateswith maximum steam pressure of 180 psig, and a waterrate of 15 to 400 gpm. Maximum inlet water temperatureis 150° F, and maximum temperature rise is also 150° F.Steam pressure should be at least 5 psi greater than inletwater pressure.Table 9. Sizes, Dimensions, and Weights of Simplex Heater,Fig. 340 Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com 13Bulletin 3ASteam Jet HeatersPIPELINE HEATERSSimplex Pipeline Heaters, Fig. 340100 Inlet Water Pressure, psigInlet Water Pressure, psig0 1020406080Start?T ºF 1020304050607080100120?T ºF 150InletWaterPressurepsigDischargeTemp.ºF Max.520501002102402502600 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 1800123Steam Rate = 1000 pphSteam Pressure, psig Discharge Capacity, gpmShown above is the nomograph for determining the capacity, steam pressure, and steam consumption of a 2” heater.The table of capacity factors, Table 10, simplifies size selection for other flow rates.Notes: 1. Graph based on 70° F. inlet water temperature and capacity factor 1.0 (for 2” heater size).2. For inlet water temperatures exceeding 70° F., requirements decrease approximately 2% for each 20° F. (up to 150° F.); increase 2% for each 20° F. under 70° F.inlet water temperature.The following example explains the use of Curve H:What heater size, steam pressure and rate are requiredto heat 320 gpm of water at 60 psig from 70° F. to 100° F.Since discharge capacity (flow rate, gpm) is off curve,refer to Table 10 and divide 320 by 2.3 capacity factor.Locate 139 gpm on discharge capacity scale and projectvertically up to the intersection with the 30° F.temperature rise line. From this point, project horizontallyacross to 60 psig inlet water pressure curve and verticallydown to steam pressure of 75 psig. Return to horizontal projection and across to steam rateof 1,750 pph. Final answer is 2.3 times this figure, or4,025 pph of steam at 75 psig using a 3” heater size.Table 10. Capacity Ratios for Simplex Heater,Type 340 Size, Inches 1 1/2 2 3Capacity Ratio 0.6 1.0 2.3Curve H.Maximum DischargeTemperature in °F vs.Inlet Water Pressure inpsig for Fig. 340Simplex HeaterSchutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com14Steam Jet Heaters Bulletin 3APIPELINE HEATERSContinuous Heaters, Fig. 320, Fig. 321, andFig. 324ApplicationContinuous Heaters are designed for direct connection to waterand steam lines. Heaters of this type mix steam with cold waterand discharge hot water under pressure. Many plants usethese heaters to supply hot water for washing floors andequipment, see Fig. 320-B, below. Fig. 324 “InstantaneousHeaters” are particularly useful as warm water emergencywashing units in laboratories and plant areas where safetyshowers are required.ConstructionFigs. 320, 321 and 324 Heaters are constructed as shown in theillustrations. These units are equipped with a non-seating screwspindle and handwheel as shown in Fig. 320-A. by turning thehandwheel, the spindle can be adjusted to regulate water flow.Hot Water Under PressureCold WaterContinuous HeaterFig. 324. A special adaptation of theContinuous Heater. This unit isequipped with a lever and cock safetydevice which turns the water on first,then the steam. It provides animmediate supply of hot water. Calledan Instantaneous Heater, it is designateda Fig. 324.Fig. 320-BFig. 320-A. Sectional drawing ofFig. 320 Heater.Fig. 320. Continuous Heaterwith threaded connections.Fig. 321. Continuous Heaterwith flanged connections.The tapered end of the spindle is designed to provide correctproportions of steam and liquid. Flow rates can be duplicatedby means of an indicator arrangement which indicates theposition of the spindle.The Fig. 324 “Instantaneous Heater” is equipped with a leverand cock assembly which turns the water on first, then thesteam. Thus, this assembly is both an “on-off” control and asafety device. Temperature control can be made automatic byusing a thermostatically controlled valve in the steam line. Also,a special device is available to shut off steam should waterpressure fail.These heaters can be made of a variety of materials if corrosiveconditions so require. Fig. 320 Heaters are normally made frombronze in sizes up to 3 inches (see Table 10). Many sizes areavailable from stock. The Fig. 321 Heater with flangedconnections is made in a 4 inch size. Fig. 324 “InstantaneousHeaters” are made in bronze with semi-steel plug cocks insizes from 3/4 inch to and including 4 inch pipe connection sizes.These units are assembled with lever and cock arrangement onorder.WaterInletSteamInletDischargeSchutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com 15Bulletin 3ASteam Jet HeatersPIPELINE HEATERSContinuous Heaters, Fig. 320, Fig. 321,and Fig. 324OperationIn heaters of this type, the liquid under pressureattains a high velocity passing through a nozzle.Steam enters through a series of slanting nozzlesin the combining tube and an intimate mixing ofliquid and steam occurs in the venturi throat.There, the liquid absorbs all of the heat of thesteam. The hot liquid is then discharged into a tankor through a piping system. Water dischargepressure can vary from a slight decrease to anactual increase depending on the specificoperating conditions.Regulation of water flow is obtained by adjustmentof the spindle in the water nozzle as noted under“Construction” on page 14.The pressure of the operating liquid must be atleast 5 psig, while the steam pressure may be from20 inch vacuum to 225 psig. The back pressureagainst which these heaters will discharge varieswith the injection water and steam pressures. It isdesirable to have as little back pressure asoperating conditions will permit. For operationagainst back pressures higher than the inlet waterpressure, special provisions must be made forstarting. For performance characteristics see Table 13“Sizes and Capacities”.Fig. 324 Heaters are controlled by the lever andoperate like Fig. 320 Heaters.InstallationThese heaters are designed for direct connectionto steam, water and discharge pipelines. Fig. 320-B shows a typical set-up for high velocity tankcleaning. The cleaning nozzle diameter and hotwater flow desired determines the size heaterrequired.Table 11. Sizes, Dimensions, and Weights ofContinuous Heaters, Fig. 320 and Fig. 321Table 12. Sizes, Dimensions, and Weights ofInstantaneous Heaters, Fig. 324Table 13. Capacity Ratios Continuous Heaters, Fig. 320, Fig. 321, and Fig. 324(see page 16 for Capacity Curves)Fig. NoSize,Connectionin InchesDimensions, InchesWeight,Lbs.A B C3201/2 4 5/8 6 3 1/8 3 1/23/4 6 5/8 7 7/16 3 3/4 5 1/21 8 3/8 8 7/8 4 3/8 91 1/4 10 1/4 10 3/16 5 131 1/2 12 3/16 11 11/16 5 5/8 182 15 3/4 13 13/16 7 342 1/2 19 5/8 17 1/2 8 1/4 523 23 3/16 19 9/16 9 1/2 753214 29 1/8 25 7/16 11 5/8 1806 35 1/16 39 7/16 14 360Heater Size(Pipe Conn. in Inches)Dimensions, Inches NetWgt.Lbs.A B C D E3/4 7 7/16 6 5/8 7 1/16 13 5 13/16 351 8 7/8 8 3/8 7 3/4 13 11/16 6 1/2 451 1/4 10 3/16 10 1/4 7 15/16 13 7/8 6 13/16 551 1/2 11 11/16 12 3/16 10 13/16 19 1/4 8 3/4 702 13 13/16 15 3/4 11 1/8 19 9/16 9 1/16 1102 1/2 17 1/2 19 5/8 12 1/16 20 1/2 10 3/8 1503 19 9/16 23 3/16 13 5/16 23 3/4 12 1/8 2004 25 7/16 29 1/8 14 1/16 24 1/2 13 1/4 400Size Heater,Inches1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 6CapacityRatio.25 .56 1.00 1.55 2.25 4.00 6.25 9.30 15.50 37.50Schutte & Koerting • 2510 Metropolitan Drive • Trevose, PA 19053 • USA • tel: (215) 639-0900 • fax: (215) 639-1597 • www.s-k.com • sales@s-k.com16Steam Jet Heaters Bulletin 3APIPELINE HEATERSWater Heating Capacities, Continuous Heaters, Fig. 320, Fig. 321, andFig. 324Curves I and J show performance characteristics of thestandard 1 inch continuous heater. With the spindleclosed, water flow is reduced to about 40% of full capacityand the same temperature rise can be obtained at a lowersteam pressure. The following example explains the useof curves and table:To heat 100 gpm water at 30 psig from 60° F. to 120° F.with steam available at 100 psig.From Chart I “spindle open”, find the intersection of 30psig water pressure line with 60° F. temperature rise line.Read horizontally to discharge capacity (33 gpm) andvertically down to steam pressure (23 psig). The capacityratio is found by dividing 100 by 33 which gives 3. Table13 shows the capacity ratio of 2.25 for the 11/2 inch heaterand 4.0 for the 2 inch. The larger size should be used.In use, the spindle should be throttled to obtain therequired water flow and the steam pressure required toapproximately 23 psig to give the desired temperaturerise.If steam pressure is too low to give the temperature risedesired, two heaters can be used in series to give desiredtemperature.The position of the “Limit of Operation” line on thesecharts is determined by the temperature of the waterused. If the temperature is less than 70° F., you canexceed the limit line by the amount of the differencebetween the temperature of the water and 70° F. if thewater is above 70° F., the limits will become morerestricted. With water above 120° F., capacity maydecrease.Limit of OperationTemperature RiseWater Pressure psig2022242628303234363840424446485052545658606264666870727476780 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 190 200 210 220 23018010203040506070809010012515017520022520 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140150160170180Steam Pressure psigDischarge Capacity gpmCurve I. Capacity of 1 inch Fig. 320 Heater with Spindle Open (Based on 70° F Cold Water)0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 11081012141618202224262830323490705022520017515012510080604030201040 60 80 100º F110120130 140150Limit of OperationTemperature Rise Steam Pressure, psigDischarge Capacity, gpmCurve J. Capacity of 1 inch Fig. 320 Heater withSpindle Closed (Based on 70° F Cold Water)ISO9001Certified120712