MagPower - Hydrogen Inhibitors (HI)

Effect of HI Additive (intellectual property - IP) in Electrolyte

• 1 cell at 5 amp discharge
• Salt concentration 10% (Vizon Scitec, July, 2003)

MagPower has patented technology to reduce electric power consumption in common industrial applications, particularly metal production. Hydrogen Inhibitors greatly reduce hydrogen evolution in electrochemical reactions, and thereby increasing current efficiency and reducing electrical power consumption. Some of the electrochemical processes which can benefit from MagPower ’s patented Hydrogen Inhibitors are:

• Metal Electrowinning
• Electroplating
• Zinc Alkaline Batteries
• Hydrogen Embrittlement
• Waste Water Recycling
• Military and commercial heater packs

Environmentally induced failure processes may often be the result of hydrogen damage rather than oxidation. Atomic hydrogen is a cathodic product of many electrochemical reactions forming during naturally occurring corrosion reactions as well as during many plating or pickling processes. Whether hydrogen is liberated as a gas, or the metal absorbs atomic hydrogen, depends on the surface chemistry of the metal and the electrolyte composition.

The inhibiting of hydrogen evolution is important for several reasons:

• It improves current efficiencies, thereby reducing power consumption
• It improves health and safety of the process
• It reduces cell resistance and/or over-voltages due to gassing
• It reduces or eliminates electrode spalling and sludging due to hydrogen gassing
• It reduces or eliminates pressure and/or volume increase due to hydrogen gassing, leading to smaller metal-air power sources
• It reduces or eliminates the need for gas venting in commercial products

• MagPower’s patented Hydrogen Inhibitors have a myriad of applications in numerous industries.
• MagPower has signed Non-Disclosure Agreements with numerous major mining companies for the testing of its hydrogen inhibitors in their systems.
• MagPower will capitalize on the worldwide use of its hydrogen inhibitors through licensing agreements with companies who are involved in electrowinning (zinc, copper, nickel, gold, silver, cobalt, and manganese).

MagPower’s product development in inhibiting hydrogen production will focus on three areas:

1. Reduction of energy consumption in the electrowinning process by increasing the current efficiency.
2. Reduction of steel corrosion and increase longevity by decreasing the impact of hydrogen embrittlement.
3. Reduction of hydrogen evolution in alkaline batteries, thereby increasing safety and extending battery life.

Licensing agreements will be executed with companies, which are involved in electrowinning (zinc, copper and nickel, gold, silver, cobalt, and manganese), hydrogen embrittlement, zinc alkaline batteries, anodizing, electroplating and coolants.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Trading
There are worldwide requirements to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This has led to an emissions reduction trading system that provides industry, governments and other organizations the opportunity to purchase and sell emission reductions. Companies will be taxed on their restricted amount of GHG emissions (or simply must buy an annual permit that allows them to release so many pounds of GHGs). If they need more permits, then they can buy more permits from other emitters.

If GHG emitters figure out how to cost effectively reduce their emissions then they can sell some of their permits to those that need them. There are two basic types of emission trading; allowance-based trading (regulatory environment) and emission reduction trading. In allowance-based trading, the trading instruments are the excess allowances the seller does not need to meet its permit requirements, In emission trading, the tradable instrument is the contract between two parties, one with high-cost emissions and one with low-cost emissions.

MagPower’s Hydrogen Inhibitors can assist in the reduction of GHG’s. This can be accomplished by improving the energy efficiency of electrochemical reactions where hydrogen is produced. MagPower’s patented technology improves current efficiency of certain electrochemical processes such as electrowinning, which by increasing the current efficiency, the amount of electrical power can be reduced substantially when hundreds of thousands of tons of concentrate are processed world wide. Thus, the reduction in power consumption can be substantial depending upon the industry and the type of fuel being consumed. GHG emissions can be reduced in those instances where the power generating system uses fossil fuels.