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Joining Polyethylene Pipe
There are four common sizing systems used for polyethylene pipe. Each has a recommended joining method. SIDR/IDR (Standard Inside Dimension Ratio) ASTM D 2239 - This pipe is sized based on inside diameter and should be joined with insert fittings and clamps or with special OD Fittings designed to meet ASTM D2239 specifications.
CTS (Copper Tube Size) ASTM D 2737 - This pipe is outside diameter controlled and is most commonly joined with stab fittings or O.D. (outside diameter) Compression fittings.
IPS - Iron Pipe Size - ASTM D3035 & F714 - This pipe is outside diameter controlled and the preferred method for permanent, leak free joints is Heat Fusion. It may also be joined with O.D. Mechanical fittings for ASTM D3035 & F714 specifications.
DIPS - Ductile Iron Pipe Size - ASTM F714 - This pipe is outside diameter controlled and the preferred method for permanent, leak free joints is Heat Fusion. It may also be joined with O.D. Mechanical fittings for ASTM F714 specifications.
Heat fusion is the preferred method for joining IPS or DIPS pipe to pipe or pipe to fittings. When done properly, heat fusion creates a monolithic piping system.
During Heat Fusion, the fusion surfaces are prepared by removing the outside layer of material. A heating tool is applied to the prepared fusion surfaces until the material begins to melt and a melt bead is visible. The heating tool is then removed and the molten surfaces are gently brought together. The molten material flows together and then cools forming permanent, leak free joint.