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Velocity and Anisotropy Estimation Technology
We are using two methods for velocity analysis and construction of the layered velocity fields. The first tool is reflection tomography. Reflection tomography is a grid or layer based global inversion technique. It is based on iterations of full volume prestack depth migration, where at each iteration residual curvature is analyzed on image gathers and is input to a minimization process. The tomographic inversion and update which we are using is built to optimize the velocity field, as well as anisotropic delta and epsilon fields. A fully TTI model can be optimized for use in TTI prestack depth migration when dip and azimuth fields are input.
The second velocity analysis and update tool which we offer is a prestack depth migration scan. In this method, a series of prestack depth migrations are executed, each with a different trial velocity or anisotropic parameters. The resulting image gathers or full sections are analyzed for selecting the optimal velocity and anisotropic field.
For generation of dip and azimuth volumes we use a unique tool that inputs the main geological surfaces and construct dip and azimuth volumes at the spacing needed for application of prestack depth migration. The dip and azimuth volumes together with delta and epsilon anisotropic volumes and the vertical velocity field are the five parameter volumes input to TTI prestack depth migration algorithms.