The drug-induced cardiovascular complications restrict the use of many successful clinical treatments such as anticancer therapies. The majority drug-induced cardiovascular complications include overt cardiac dysfunction as well as some negative impact such as hypertension, ischemia, and arrhythmias. Enormous efforts and investments have been made throughout the process of new drugs development to identify adverse effects of cardiovascular systems and minimize the risks for patients. Approximately one third of compounds in pre-clinical development exhibit some levels of cardiac risks.
