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MtoZ BiolabsModel s-nitrosylation -S-Nitrosylation Analysis Service

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S-nitrosylation (SNO) is the covalent attachment of some nitroso (NO) groups to sulfhydryl residues (S) in proteins, forming S-nitrosothiols (SNOs). These groups are subsets of specific cysteine residues, leading to the formation of S-nitrosylated proteins. SNOs have a short half-life in the cytosol due to various reductases, such as glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin, which act to remove the nitroso groups.
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S-nitrosylation (SNO) is the covalent attachment of some nitroso (NO) groups to sulfhydryl residues (S) in proteins, forming S-nitrosothiols (SNOs). These groups are subsets of specific cysteine residues, leading to the formation of S-nitrosylated proteins. SNOs have a short half-life in the cytosol due to various reductases, such as glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin, which act to remove the nitroso groups. Therefore, SNOs are predominantly stored in protected environments like plasma membranes, vesicles, intercellular substance, and the folds of lipophilic proteins to prevent denitrosylation. For instance, caspases involved in apoptosis are stored as SNOs within the intermembrane spaces of mitochondria.

SNO process is reversible, with denitrosylation, an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, reversing the modification. SNO is selective, targeting specific cysteine residues. Improper SNO can result in protein misfolding, synaptic damage, and apoptosis. Furthermore, abnormalities in SNO signaling are associated with the development of diseases such as Alzheimer's and cardiovascular conditions.

Given the challenges in detecting S-nitrosylated cysteines due to the instability of SNOs and the presence of multiple cysteines in proteins, MtoZ Biolabs offers an advanced, sensitive analytical platform for analyzing S-nitrosylated cysteines in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems. We have also enhanced our detection methods to provide quicker and more sensitive analyses of these modifications.


1. Protein Hydrolysis in Gel or Solution

2. Enrichment of S-Nitrosylated Cysteines Using Specific Antibodies

3. HPLC Separation Followed by ESI-TOF MS/MS Analysis

4. Mass Spectrometry Data Analysis


1. Ion Chromatography

2. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

3. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS)


MtoZ Biolabs is an integrate contract research organization (CRO) providing advanced proteomics, metabolomics, bioinformatics, and biopharmaceutical analysis services to researchers in biochemistry, biotechnology, and biopharmaceutical fields. The name of MtoZ represents “mass to charge ratio” in mass spectrometry analysis, as most of our services are provided based on our well-established mass spectrometry platforms. Our services allow for the rapid and efficient development of research projects, including protein analysis, proteomics, and metabolomics programs.

MtoZ Biolabs is specialized in quantitative multiplexed proteomics and metabolomics applications through the establishment of state-of-the-art mass spectrometry platforms, coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography technology. We are committed to developing efficient, and effective tools for addressing core bioinformatics problems. With a continuing focus on quality, MtoZ Biolabs is well equipped to help you with your needs in proteomics, metabolomics, bioinformatics, and biopharmaceutical research. Our ultimate aim is to provide more rapid, high-throughput, and cost-effective analysis, with exceptional data quality and minimal sample.

Email: marketing@mtoz-biolabs.com