The Influence of an Integrated Remedial System on Groundwater Hydrology
ABSTRACT
This paper summarizes the development of a remedial system designed to hydraulically contain and ultimately reduce a plume consisting of primarily 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-TeCA). The system consists of groundwater circulating wells or extraction wells located in the core of the 1,1,2,2-TeCA plume to provide active source control, combined with monitored natural attenuation (MNA) and phytoremediation instituted to further reduce dissolved-phase contaminants. Monitoring of natural attenuation parameters indicates that abiotic and biotic degradation is significantly reducing 1,1,2,2-TeCA concentrations. Phytoremediation is provided by a 4.5-year-old plantation of 172 hybrid poplars observed to be seasonally influencing groundwater hydrology. A 3D-geospatial model (earthVision®), which was constructed based on extensive geological, geophysical, and chemical data, defines both the hydrostratigraphic framework and the 1,1,2,2-TeCA distribution and is the basis for a 3D-groundwater flow (MODFLOW) and contaminant transport (RT3D) model. Model results indicate that the system may remove 85% of the total 1,1,2,2-TeCA mass after 30 years, with groundwater wells and MNA providing the bulk of mass removal. Phytoremediation emerges as a significant contributor by providing 7% of the total mass removal. Field evidence and modeling indicate that the integrated remedial system is capable of effectively reducing contaminant mass, thereby satisfying the remedial objective.
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