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BioGeoChemical Reduction (BGCR)
BioGeoChemical Reduction (BGCR) BGCR combines physical, chemical, and microbiological (i.e. biogeochemical) processes to create strong reducing conditions that achieve rapid contaminant destruction by abiotic and biotic reduction. BGCR contains Zero Valent Iron, the highest purity microcrystalline cellulose combined with oxygen scavenger, nutrients, and Vitamin B12 for biostimulation of anaerobes in groundwater for the bioremediation of chlorinated solvents, nitrate, some metals, nitrated explosives and hydrocarbons. The plant-based cellulose is nutrient rich, hydrophilic, and has high surface area; thus, it is ideal to support growth of bacteria in groundwater. Alternative carbon sources are also available if warranted by the site conditions, design, or remediation objectives.
Want flexibility or to design your own product? No problem!
BGCR is engineered to order. With CERES as your supplier and partner, you may decide if you want to include ferrous sulfate or other sulfate chemistries, buffering agents, or other chemistries to achieve optimal bio-geo-chemical reduction performance characteristics.
Up to 70% Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) can be included to engage chemical reduction and increase available hydrogen. ZVI options include Sponge Iron, Atomized iron or hydrometallurgical iron and range from as low as 1 μ and can be increased in size up to 2mm depending on your goals and site conditions.
You may consider site specific conditions (geology, hydrogeology, geochemistry and redox conditions, long term performance goals) and the injection or mixing methods of emplacement desired before finalizing your desired mixture of reagents and their physical properties. CERES provide technical support and guidance on optimization of the product performance by selecting the appropriate materials with the optimal physical and chemical properties to match the project requirements and site-specific conditions. This results in optimal performance and the most rapid reduction rates. Ask us about reducing time of remediation at low permeability sites!
CERES has supported many clients with ZVI for ISCR projects around the world for many years with great success and proud to say that customer goals are being achieved one project after the other!
- Highest quality micro scale
crystalline cellulose. - Highest hydrogen producing ISCR product in the market!
- Completely customizable to remediation objectives.
- Comparably the most economical option in the market!
- Applicable for in-situ chemical reduction applications for soil and groundwater remediation.
- Excellent solution for chlorinated solvent and heavy metals including arsenic or hexavalent chromium.
- Easily applied by soil mixing or injection.
- Can be injected with low pressure.
- Combine with iPAC for additional sorption capability or silica sand for permeability enhancement in fractured rock or clay rich soils.
- Combine with MTS for mixed contaminant plumes of heavy metals and organics.
- Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) or reactive zones (PRZ).
- Trenching and aggregate size ZVI and carbon options for PRB design.
- Deep Soil Mixing generally uses aggregate scale size.
- Source area grid injection or soil mixing.
- Direct push injection (generally <100 micron) or fracking (>44 micron).
- Low pressure injection (15 micron or smaller ZVI).
- Low to Moderate pressure injection (15-44 micron ZVI).
- Higher pressure injection or fracking (greater than 44 micron ZVI).