Natural Seawater Desalination - Zero Liquid Discharge Plant
The Mediterranean sea salinity is increasing dramatically over time by the presence of reverse osmosis plants, as shown clearly in this diagram. These plants are even suffering from increased operational costs as the pumping pressure through the membranes is constantly increasing.
Luckily the "Instituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia INGV = Operational Oceanography Group Italy" provided these diagrams in the years 2007 and 2013 respectively for the Mediterranean Sea. Despite there is no corresponding diagrams for the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf, however similar results are fully expected.
As a result of these dramatic consequences reverse osmosis desalination plants will be forced to include the principle of Zero Liquid Discharge and stopping returning to seas their reject extra saline streams.
If these desalination plants will decide to refer to reverse osmosis again to achieve Zero Liquid Discharge then surely they will fail completely due to the extreme expenditure of operating costs. Of course the most appropriate ZERO LIQUID DISCHARGE IS BY ROOM TEMPERATURE EVAPORATION as this is the most energy efficient process.
