A confined space is defined as an area which a human may enter in order to perform his or her job or duty and, by design, is not typically intended for human occupancy. A characteristic of confined spaces is that they have limited entry and exit. Although the vast majority of confined space entries are completed without incident, serious injuries and deaths continue to occur. A recent survey of confined space accidents indicated that almost half were caused by oxygen deficiency or toxic atmospheres. Furthermore, statistics show that over half of all confined space fatalities occur among intended rescuers. Typical confined space assessments include visual assessment, air monitoring, site investigation, physical hazards and potential hazards. Exterior and potential hazards may include electrical, water problems, rodents, chemicals, hazardous materials, limited access and egress, location, etc. Subsequent recommendations are then made on suspected or potential confined spaces.
