Remediation of Acid Mining Lakes Services
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The activity of oxygen-consuming microorganisms in...
The activity of oxygen-consuming microorganisms in the lake has been accelerated by adding nutrients. Know-how and careful scaling-up are essential in order to determine the best combination and amount of substrates. Using production residues such as straw, carbonation lime or ethanol as nutrients makes this gentle form of remediation much cheaper than chemical neutralisation using, say, soda. It is also more sustainable since a virtual buffer is built up which intercepts acid subsequently seeping in from the shore substrate.
During laboratory tests, the bacteria reducing sulphate and iron needed a year to fully neutralise a 1.5m column filled with acid lake water and sediment. Under realistic conditions (albeit still separated from the rest of the lake water), the biological neutralisation reaction started in 'enclosures'. Using bales of straw was found to accelerate the process. Certain bacteria break down the straw, using oxygen present in the water. The sulphate- and iron-reducing specialists absorb the decomposition products and rapidly multiply in the anaerobic milieu. In one of the two experimental systems, nutrient solution is also pumped through the bales of straw, causing them to act as a bioreactor. Energy is provided by solar cells and a wind turbine. The preliminary trials will be completed in 2003, and the remediation of the entire lake will take place in following years. Modified accordingly, the method can be used for other lakes all over the world.
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