Geotec Engineering & Environmental Geophysics Ltd
Sismic surveys
A seismic survey is based on an energy source that excites seismic (elastic) waves in the subsurface. The seismic waves propagate in the subsurface and are reflected or refracted in the interfaces between mediums, having a different seismic velocity. The reflected and refracted waves are recorded on the surface by an array of receivers (geophones). The recorded travel times between the source and the geophones, and the geometry of the geophones and the source, enable to obtain information that is processed and interpreted, providing an image of the subsurface.
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- Seismic refraction
- Seismic reflection
- Seismic borehole and cross borehole surveys
Seismic surveys serve a variety of civil engineering and geotechnic needs:
- Measurement of the bedrock depth for construction, geology and geotechnical applications purposes
- Determination of the seismic velocities of pressure waves (P) and shear waves (S) required for calculating the dynamic elastic modules of the subsurface (Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus, shear modulus and bulk modulus)
- Rock quality designation (RQD)
- Assessment of the rock`s level of erosion and compaction
- Determination of materials` rippability – for the purpose of digging, excavation, quarrying and mining using various types of mechanical equipment or blasts (Caterpillar charts)
- Geological mapping of the subsurface
- Mapping of fracture and fissure areas
