Terra Systems, Inc. (TSI)
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Terra Systems SRSModel SD -Small Droplet Emulsified Vegetable Oil Substrate

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Terra Systems patented "injection ready" 60% SRS®-SD Small Droplet Emulsified Vegetable Oil Substrate is  added to the groundwater to rapidly generate reducing conditions and provide the necessary carbon and hydrogen to support native or introduced microorganisms (Dehalococcoides) for the biodegradation of chlorinated solvents such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) to innocuous end products including ethene and ethane.  

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  1. The 0.6 um droplet size results in better substrate distribution for the client, easier substrate injectability for the driller and fewer injection points for the consultant thereby lowering costs Provides 73% fermentable carbon Has >98% biobased content Includes sodium or potassium lactate to kick-start the anaerobic degradation process, nutrients and Vitamin B12 a micronutrient, which He et al. 2007 demonstrated is an important micronutrient to enhance dechlorination activity.  
  2. The nonionic emulsifier (does not have a charge) results in better distribution and bacteria contact for the client because the substrate does not readily stick to the positively charged soil particles.  
  3. It arrives as a homogenous injection ready substrate, which results in lower field labor costs from inefficient field mixing.  
  4. Proven effective with PCE, TCE, TECA, DNAPL (Sabre Project), Perchlorate, TCA, Cr6+, TNT, Uranium and Nitrate. Proven effective at military installations (Andrews AFB, Dover AFB, Beale AFB, Ft. Gillem, Fort Dix, Camp Bullis, Aberdeen Proving Ground, etc.), dry cleaners, semiconductor manufacturers, fabricators and manufacturing firms that use and clean metal parts (air conditioners, dishwashers, etc.). 
Terra Systems, Inc.’s manufacturing facility is configured to allow us to provide our customers with custom blended substrate packages without a cost premium.  The basic SRS™ package contains the following components: 
  • Promotes biodegradation of PCE and TCE to non-toxic end products
  • Small droplet size is ideal for maximum radius of influence in the formation
  • Low cost
  • In situ vs. Ex situ application minimizes site disruptions
  • Slow release formula eliminates continuous substrate additions
  • SRS™ contains only non-toxic food grade materials, which results in green, sustainable remediation
  • Can be used as a PRB to cuts off plume migration
  • Effective in source zones
  • Reduces treatment time from decades to months and years

As a result of its low viscosity, small droplet size and longevity, SRS™ is an ideal substrate for injection using direct-push technology.  The low viscosity allows a greater volume of SRS™ to be applied in a shorter period of time and increases the substrate delivery radius per point. This results in fewer direct push delivery points and overall shorter delivery time requirements per site.
Terra Systems, Inc. has applied this technology at military bases, dry cleaners and manufacturing sites throughout the USA and in Brazil and Japan. Some of the sites where the technology has been demonstrated include the Dover Air Force Base (AFB) in Delaware, Columbus AFB in Mississippi, Camp Bullis in Texas, Altus AFB in Oklahoma, Arnold AFB in Tennessee, Edwards AFB in California, Photocircuits in NY, SABRE in England and Microtronics in New Jersey.

Terra Systems, Inc. manufactures its patented “injection ready” SRSTM emulsified vegetable oil substrate (EVO) in two versions – a small droplet size for applications (SRSTM-SD) when optimizing the radius of influence is a prime objective and a large droplet size (SRSTM-FR) for fractured rock applications where adsorption in the formation is a prime concern. Terra Systems is headquartered in Wilmington, DE. and operates its own manufacturing facility in West Chester, PA. TSI has the capability of manufacturing SRSTM-SD or SRSTM-FR emulsified vegetable oil substrate in oil percentages between 45 – 60% or we can custom blend an “injection ready” mix to your specifications.
SRSTM-SD has a mean droplet size of 0.60 microns (verified by Particle Technology Labs in Downers Grove, IL.) Droplet size is critical when optimizing the radius of influence for injection is a prime objective because it increases the transport of oil-in-water emulsions through porous media. Injection of pure vegetable oil or a large droplet size emulsion could significantly reduce the radius of influence of the substrate thereby requiring more injection points and increasing operational costs. Terra Systems SRSTM-SD has the ideal combination of a very small median droplet size and a very tight distribution around the mean. This allows injection of SRSTM-SD into formations with very little change in permeability.
SRSTM-FR is a large droplet size version of our standard product designed specifically for fractured rock applications where adsorption in the formation is a prime concern. A modified manufacturing process is used to generate larger droplet sizes. As an EVO product supplier we view environmental consulting companies as our customers, not our competitors and our goal is to make you successful with your clients. Since our focus is on our products and not billable hours, we invest heavily in R&D, which is demonstrated by our involvement in SABRE, SURF, our licensing of EZVI from NASA, and our ability to manufacture a custom EVO for your specific requirements. Since we do not sub-contract SRS™ manufacturing to others, we have the ability to setup “Just-In-Time” manufacturing and delivery of SRSTM and SRSTM-FR. We work closely with the on-site project managers to produce and deliver SRSTM based on real-time site conditions. The benefit of this is that if you run into any problems, you don’t have to worry about on-site storage of large amounts of material, especially in hot weather. Terra Systems is a customer focused company where 100% customer satisfaction is our goal.